2020全国硕士研究生入学统一考试204英语二考研真题及答案

2020全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining that it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 , particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2 , a younger sibling. 3 , there’s another sort of parent that’s a bit easier to 4 : a patient parent. Children of every age benefit parenting. Still, 5 every parent would like to be patient, there is no easy 6 . Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a 7 and composed style with their kids. I understand this.

You are only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And then the 9 happens; You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10 and does nobody any good.You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over. We ’ve all been there.

12 , even though it’s common, it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your child’s self-esteem.

If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skills.

Certainly, it’s incredibly 18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally. 1. A. tedious

B.pleasant B.for example

C. instructive C. at once

D.tricky D.by accident

2. A. in addition 3. A. Fortunately 4. A. assume 5. A. while

B.Occasionally

B.assist

C. According

D.Eventually

D.train D.once

C. describe C.unless

B.because

6. A. answer 7. A. tolerant 8. A. move

B.task

C.choice

D.access

B.formal

C. rigid

D.critical

D.send D.inevitable D.vague D.cover up D.Otherwise D.regret D.reflect D. cool D.context D.confronted D.wrong

B.drag C. push

9. A. mysterious 10. A.boring

B.illogical B.native

C. suspicious C.harsh

11. A. turn back 12. A. Overall 13. A. like 14. A. raise 15. A. time 16. A. nature 17. A. cheated 18. A. terrible 19. A. trying 20. A. hide

B.take apart B.Instead B.miss B.affect B.bond B.secret

C. set aside C.However C.believe C. justify C. race

C. importance C. confused C.strange

B.defeated B.hard

B.changing

C. exciting

D.surprising

D.escape

B. emerge C. withdraw

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A Directions:

Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)

Text 1

Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.

They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat---one social and one asocial---for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.

During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and pened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.

Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by

pressing a lever.

Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.

The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. \" We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn't necessary,\" says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.

The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals.\" We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,\"says Wiles.

21.Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can ____ .

[A] pickup social signals from non-living rats [B]distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one [C]attain sociable traits through special training [D] send out warning messages to their fellow

22.What did the asocial robot do during the experiment?

[A]It followed the social robot. [B]It played with some toys. [C]It set the trapped rats free. [D]It moved around alone.

23.According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they____ .

[A]tried to practice a means of escape [B]expected it to do the same in return [C]wanted to display their intelligence [D]considered that an interesting game 24.James Wiles notes that rats ____ .

[A]can remember other rat's facial features

[B]differentiate smells better than sizes [C]respond more to actions than to looks [D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels

25.It can be learned from the text that rats____ .

[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings [B]are more socially active than other animals [C]behave differently from children in socializing [D]are more sensitive to social cues than expected

Text 2

It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s, CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates,gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S 18.9 million a year.

The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America's highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. It's not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S.economy.

Today's CEO, at least for major American firms.must have many more skills than simply being able to\"run the company\". CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should, trade in them. They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slip up can be significant. Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling.

The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well.By most measures, corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s. Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.

Furthermore, the highest CEO salaries are paid to outside candidates, not to the cozy insider picks. Another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company. And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say, stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.

26. Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise? A. The growth in the number of corporations B. The general pay rise with a better economy C. Increased business opportunities for top firms

D. Close cooperation among leading economics

27.Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to ___. A. foster a stronger sense of teamwork B. finance more research and development C. establish closer ties with tech companies

D. operate more globalized companies

28. CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite ____. A. continual internal opposition B. strict corporate governance C. conservative business strategies

D. repeated governance warnings

29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps ___. A. confirm the status of CEOs B. motive inside candidates C. boost the efficiency of CEOs

D. increase corporate value

30.The most suitable title for this text would be ___. A.CEOs Are Not Overpaid B. CEO Pay : Past and Present C.CEOs' Challenges of Today D.CEO Traits: Not Easy to Define

Text 3

Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars. Seven months and one election day later, a new conservative city council suspended

enforcement of the clean air zone, a first step toward its possible demise.

Mayor Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign, despite its success in improving air quality. A judge has now overruled the city's decision to stop levying fines, ordering them reinstated. But with legal battles ahead, the zone's future looks uncertain at best.

Among other weaknesses, the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious, and therefore vulnerable. That's because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers---who must pay fees or buy better vehicles---rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.

It's not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London. The new ultra-low emission zone (Ulez) is likely to be a big issue in next year's mayoral election. And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in 2021 as he intends, it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.

It's not that measures such as London's Ulez are useless. Far from it. Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents' health in the face of a serious threat. The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality, and the science tells us that means real health benefits---fewer heart attacks, strokes and premature births, less cancer, dementia and asthma. Fewer untimely deaths.

But mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town. They are acting because national governments---Britain's and others across Europe---have failed to do so.

Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas---city centres, “school streets”, even individual roads---are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance. Wales has introduced special low speed limits to minimise pollution. We're doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars. 31.Which of the following is true about Madrid's clean air zone?

[A]Its effects are questionable [B]It has been opposed by a judge [C]It needs tougher enforcement [D]Its fate is yet to be decided

32.Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?

[A]They are biased against car manufacturers. [B]They prove impractical for city councils. [C]They are deemed too mild for politicians.

[D] They put too much burden on individual motorists.

33.The author believes that the extension of London's Ulez will ____.

[A]arouse strong resistance. [B]ensure Khan's electoral success. [C]improve the city's traffic. [D]discourage car manufacturing.

34.Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?

[A]Local residents [B]Mayors. [C]Councilors.

[D] National governments.

35.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies ____.

[A]will raise low-emission car production [B]should be forced to follow regulations [C]will upgrade the design of their vehicles [D]should be put under public supervision

Text 4

Now that members of Generation Zs are graduating college this spring --- the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year --- the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that's tighter than it's been in decades. And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.

If \"entitled\" is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those born between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Zs are practical and cautious. According to the career counselors and experts who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragmatists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren't interested in taking any chances. The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. College loan balances in the U.S. now stand at a record S1.5 trillion,according to the Federal

Reserve.

One survey from Accenture found that 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment (followed by professional development and training,and then inspiring purpose). Job security or stability was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one) followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.

That's a big change from the previous generation. Millennial wanted more flexibility in their lives, notes Tanya Michelson, Associate Director of Youth Sight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth. Generation Zs are looking for more certainty and stability, because of the rise of the gig economy. They have trouble seeing a financial future and they are quite risk averse.\" 36.Generation Zs graduating college this spring ____

[A]are recognized for their abilities [B]are in favor of job offers

[C]are optimistic about the labor market [D] are drawing growing public attention

37.Generation Zs are keenly aware____.

[A]what a tough economic situation is like [B]what their parents expect of them [C]how they differ from past generations [D]how valuable a counselor's advice is

38.The word \"assuage\" (line 9,para 2) is closet in meaning to ____

[A]define

[B]relieve

[C]maintain

[D]deepen

39.It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs____

[A] care little about their job performance [B] give top priority to professional training [C] think it hard to achieve work-life balance [D] have a clear idea about their future job.

40.Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials, Generation Zs are ____

[A]less realistic Part B

[B]less adventurous [C]more diligent [D]more generous

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

[A] Give compliments, just not too many. [B] Put on a good face,always. [C] Tailor your interactions. [D] Spend time with everyone. [E] Reveal,don't hide,information. [F] Slow down and listen. [G] Put yourselves in others' shoes.

Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Office

Is it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people,much less 50,who all get along perfectly.But unlike in friendships,you need coworkers.You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you.Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.

41. [E] Reveal, don't hide, information.

If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try stay tight-lipped around them. But you won't be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness.The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them,you should just be honest.

42. [F] Slow down and listen.

Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others.We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it's a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don't value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back-and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.

43.[D] Spend time with everyone.

It's common to have a \"cubicle mate\" or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don't always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal

network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.

44.[A] Give compliments, just not too many.

Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don't have to be someone's boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don't overdo it or be fake about it.One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.

45.[C] Tailor your interactions.

This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won't necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you're dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.

Section III Translation

It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it’s entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.

We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world”. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they’re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.

Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failure at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.

生活中几乎不可能没有经历过某种失败。但失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们自己。

我们可以选择把失败视为“世界末日”。 我们也可以把失败看作是一种难以置信的学习经历，而失败也往往就是如此。我们在某件事上失败时，我们可以选择寻找我们应该学到的教训。这些教训非常重要，它们既是我们成长的方式，又是我们避免再犯同样错误的方法。只有在我们让失败阻碍我们的时候,失败才能阻碍我们。

失败也可以教会我们一些关于我们自己的东西，如果没有失败，我们永远也学不到这些东西。例如，失败可以帮助你发现你有多强大。在某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现你真正的朋友，或者帮助你找到意想不到的成功的动力。

Section IV Writing

47. Directions:

Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group international students. Write an email to （1）tell them about the site, and （2）give them some tips for the tour

You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points)

Dear students，

I am writing this email to recommend you one of famous attractions of this city. I have lived here since 1990 and have been familiar with every corner of our city.

Considering that you are the fresh visitor to our city, so it is advisable for you to have a look upon the Forbidden City. Firstly, the visit is beneficial for quickly learning the comprehensive perspective, such as the development of this city and its specific culture. What’s more, the site is the symbol of our special and sophisticated buildings, since these buildings are telling Chines peoples’ the gradual changing habits and lifestyles. Thirdly, you'd better take a good sleep before the visit since the cite is large and will take you time to enjoy a rewarding tour.

Once again, welcome to China. I do hope that you would find the site worthy of your visit. (149 words)

48. Directions:

Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

Sincerely yours, Li Ming

某高校学生手机阅读目的调查2%

17%

21%

60%

学习知识消磨时间获取信息其他

What is illustrated in the pie chart above indicates that there exists a difference when it comes to the reading purposes of certain college students by cellphones. According to the figures provided by the chart, one can see that those for learning knowledge takes up 60％. In comparison, the data of killing time and acquiring information accounts for 21% and 17% respectively.

It is of no difficulty to come up with some contributing factors for these situation. To begin with, we must admit that this tendency also has a lot to do with the increasing pressure in both students’ study and employment. Faced with the stress, a growing number of students choose to read books so as to to acquire knowledge extensively and deeply. In addition, the shift in college students’ conception produces a contributing effect upon the current condition. Learning through cellphones has become a new fashion, which was incredible even years ago.

As far as I am concerned, the phenomenon is a combination of students’ preference to the efficiency and expectation to broaden their horizons. (182 words)

2020全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）难度分析及详解

完形填空 话题：亲子关系

难度：话题简单，近义词辨析不难。 1. 答案：tricky（难办的，棘手的）

解析：but 语义转折，且particularly since 说明此处选择消极词汇；tedious （陈闷的，乏味的）语义不符。BC选项是正向积极词汇 2. 答案：for example （比如）

解析：上下文逻辑关系，是例证关系。 in addition（此外）、at once（马上）、 by accident（偶尔） 3. 答案：fortunately（幸运的是）

解析：上下文是转折关系，Fortunately可以表示转折；occasionally（偶尔）、accordingly （因此）、eventually（最后） 4. 答案：describe（描述） 解析：根据语义，直接确定。 5. 答案：while（虽然）

解析：上下文是让步关系；this is not easy 6. 答案：task（任务、工作） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 7. 答案：tolerant（容忍的） 解析：语义复现，秒选。 8. 答案：push（推动） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 9. 答案：inevitable（不可避免的） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 10. 答案：harsh（严厉的） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 11. 答案：turn back

解析：根据语义，直接确定。start over（重新开始） 12. 答案：However（然而） 解析：上下文是转折关系 13. 答案：regret（遗憾、后悔） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 14. 答案：affect（影响）

解析：根据语义，直接确定。 15. 答案：cool

解析：固定搭配，lose one’s cool 发脾气 16. 答案：importance（重要性） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 17. 答案：confronted（面对） 解析：根据语义，直接确定 18. 答案：hard（困难的） 解析：根据语义，直接确定

19. 答案：trying（苦难的，煎熬的） 解析：根据语义，确定最佳答案 20. 答案：emerge（出现）

解析：根据语义，选择积极词汇，确定答案

阅读A部分 Text1

话题：对老鼠的社会研究（科学类）

难度：简单；21.22秒选；23易；24.25可以利用排除法。 21. 答案：pickup social signals from non-living rats

解析：细节题。根据题干直接定位题眼句是para.1 最后一句Loleh Quinn and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.；简单同义转换，即为正确答案。其他均是无中生有。

22. 答案：It moved around alone.

解析：细节题。根据题干细心，直接定位题眼句到第三段第二句。the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side. 同义转换即确定正确答案，也可以用排除法，其他选项均与是张冠李戴。

23. 答案：expected it to do the same in return

解析：原因题。根据题干人物信息，确定题眼句在第5段最后一句话。This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn. 同义转换即确定正确答案，也可以用排除法，其他选项均与原文无关，纯属编造。 24. 答案：respond more to actions than to looks

解析：人物观点细节题。根据题干人物信息，确定题眼句在第六段第三句话。 \" We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn't necessary,\" says Janet Wiles。But一词否定了两个选项[A]can remember other rat's facial

features 和 [B]differentiate smells better than sizes；另外一个选项与人物无关，定位错误[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels；利用排除法，确定正确答案。该正确答案是典型正话反说。 25. 答案：are more sensitive to social cues than expected

解析：细节题。根据顺序定位原则及反向定位利用选项的的方法，一一排除选择此题。 adaptable to new surroundings 是偷换概念；

more socially active than other animals 是无中生有，原文没有其他动物比对； 最后一段，提及children是Similarly，故语义相反。

选项are more sensitive to social cues than expected是原文最后一段首句的同义转换The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots.

Text2

话题：美国大公司CEO薪资上涨的原因

难度：整体简单。26.27.28.29 定位简单，模糊匹配即可做对。30主旨题比较简单。 26. 答案：Increased business opportunities for top firms

解析：细节题。题干提问CEO收入高的原因，定位到第二段。The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay, though, is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. 划线处同义转换就是正确选项。其他选项均无提及。 27. 答案：operate more globalized companies

解析：细节题。根据题干，定位到第三段。第二句CEOS must have a good sense of financial markets, 存在干扰项foster a stronger sense of teamwork，偷换概念。

第四句Then there’s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before，此句同义转换对应正确选项。 28. 答案：strict corporate governance

解析：细节题。题干提问虽然___,但是工资提升。根据1970定位。corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s. Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. 同义替换对应正确选项。tighter 对应strict;despite对应yet

29. 答案：increase corporate value

解析：细节题。定位到最后一段。And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say, stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO. 模糊匹配即可确定正确答案。

30. 答案：CEOs Are Not Overpaid

解析：主旨题。选择高频词pay，锁定两个选项。但是past and present 属于细节问题。正确选项是全文反复提及的概念，或者通过前面4个题干，也可以直接确定正确答案为CEOs Are Not

Overpaid。 Text 3

话题：关于马德里和伦敦的城市污染措施

难度：整体难度居中。理解相对有难度，但定位后可以模糊匹配做题。33.34比较简单，其他题目难度相对提升。

31. 答案：Its fate is yet to be decided

解析：判断题。根据题干信息，首先定位首段。鉴于是判断题，可以适当借用选项。首段最后一句， council suspend enforcement of the clean air zone, a first step toward its possible demise. 此句并无提及need tougher enforcement。

第二段首句mayor made opposition,选项中是opposed by a judge, 属于偷换概念。且原文是a judge overrule (否决）the city’s decision，并非题干中的clean air zone, 属于偷换概念。

Its effects are questionable 是无中生有。

第二段最后 but 语义重点，the zone's future looks uncertain at best. 是正确选项同义转述。 32. 答案：They put too much burden on individual motorists.

解析：细节题。根据题干信息，定位到第三段。 the measures are vulnerable. That because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution. 此题强调现状是让个人承担，而本应该让汽车制造商承担。此题正确选项就是They put too much burden on individual motorists. 干扰项是They are biased against car manufacturers. 此选项的意义是他们对汽车制造商有偏见，属于曲解文意。 33. 答案：arouse strong resistance

解析：人物观点细节题。根据题干信息，定位到第四段最后一句话。 extend 对应extension； be sure to 对应will，所以it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected. 直接对应答案，同义转换。opposition 对应 resistance. 34. 答案：National governments

解析：人物观点细节题。此题根据选项，更容易定位。第六段开始mayors and councillors 是并列成分，故同时排除。Local residents 没有提及。national governments have failed to do so是national governments should have do so正话反说。 35. 答案：should be forced to follow regulations

解析：推断题。根据题干定位第7段第一句。Restrictions are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance. 模糊匹配即可确定答案。

Text4

话题：关于95后的求职观

难度：比较简单。文章比较贴近生活，选项并无特别干扰。 36. 答案：are drawing growing public attention

解析：细节题。根据题干信息定位到第一段。第一段第一句the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. 是正确选项同义转换。

C选项 are optimistic about the labor market语义相反。in a labor market that's tighter than it's been in decades.原文是tighter，选项是optimistic。 其他选项没有提及。 37. 答案：what a tough economic situation is like

解析：细节题。第二段第二句Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragmatists. 第三句Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. 两句结合即为正确答案。其他选项均无提及。 38. 答案：relive

解析：词义推理题。立足原句The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. 代入选项理解，“缓解” 语义符合逻辑。

39. 答案：have a clear idea about their future job

解析：细节题。此题可借助选项，确定题眼句，题眼句比较分散，需要一一比对，本质上是判断题。 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. 对应 have a clear idea about their future job。

followed by professional development and training 说明并非 top priority work-life balance 并无提及是 hard to achieve job performance 源于最后一句，故不是little 40. 答案：less adventurous

解析：人物观点细节题。最后一段提及they are risk averse，即less adventurous。其他并无提及。 阅读B

形式：标题对应 话题：职场交际能力

难度：整体难度居中，与2019难度相似。42.43均为同义转换，比较简单；44.45均为合理概括，难度居中；41可根据排除法和理解，共同确定答案，相对较难。

41. Reveal, don't hide information

根据文中第二段的“The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather,

when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.\" be honest 初步对应 don't hide information 42. Slow down and listen

“Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers,too.\"此句是观点所在句。直接秒选Slow down and listen，是典型同义转换。 43. Spend time with everyone

“But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you\"。 同样, 此句中but 和you should 即为题眼。正确选项是同义转换。 44. Give compliment just not too often

开始提及 positive feedback is important，之后提及But don't overdo it or be fake about it. Compliment “称赞、赞美”对应 positive feedback，属于合理概括。 45. Tailor your interaction

第二句祈使句remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. 下文 So, adapt your style accordingly to type. adapt 对应tailor 合理概括。 翻译

话题：对于失败的理解 句子数：10句 单词数：162词 语法：比较简单 难度：相对简单。 参考译文：

生活中几乎不可能没有经历过某种失败。但失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们自己。

我们可以选择把失败视为“世界末日”。 我们也可以把失败看作是一种难以置信的学习经历，而失败也往往就是如此。我们在某件事上失败时，我们可以选择寻找我们应该学到的教训。这些教训非常重要，它们既是我们成长的方式，又是我们避免再犯同样错误的方法。只有在我们让失败阻碍我们的时候,失败才能阻碍我们。

失败也可以教会我们一些关于我们自己的东西，如果没有失败，我们永远也学不到这些东西。例如，失败可以帮助你发现你有多强大。在某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现你真正的朋友，或者帮助你找到意想不到的成功的动力。

写作A

信函类型：介绍（推荐）+ 建议 信函话题：推荐历史景点、提出建议 参考范文 Dear students，

I am writing this email to recommend you one of famous attractions of this city. I have lived here since 1990 and have been familiar with every corner of our city.

Considering that you are the fresh visitor to our city, so it is advisable for you to have a look upon the Forbidden City. Firstly, the visit is beneficial for quickly learning the comprehensive perspective, such as the development of this city and its specific culture. What’s more, the site is the symbol of our special and sophisticated buildings, since these buildings are telling Chines peoples’ the gradual changing habits and lifestyles. Thirdly, you'd better take a good sleep before the visit since the cite is large and will take you time to enjoy a rewarding tour.

Once again, welcome to China. I do hope that you would find the site worthy of your visit. (149 words)

写作B

信函类型：饼图

信函话题：高校学生手机阅读目的调查 参考范文：

What is illustrated in the pie chart above indicates that there exists a difference when it comes to the reading purposes of certain college students by cellphones. According to the figures provided by the chart, one can see that those for learning knowledge takes up 60%. In comparison, the data of killing time and acquiring information accounts for 21% and 17% respectively.

It is of no difficulty to come up with some contributing factors for these situation. To begin with, we must admit that this tendency also has a lot to do with the increasing pressure in both students’ study and employment. Faced with the stress, a growing number of students choose to read books so as to to acquire knowledge extensively and deeply. In addition, the shift in college students’ conception produces a contributing effect upon the current condition. Learning through cellphones has become a new fashion, which was incredible even years ago.

As far as I am concerned, the phenomenon is a combination of students’ preference to the efficiency and expectation to broaden their horizons. (182 words)

Sincerely yours, Li Ming