Filter简介
Filter是用来格式化数据用的。
Filter的基本原型( '|' 类似于Linux中的管道模式):{{ expression | filter }}
Filter可以被链式使用(即连续使用多个filter):{{ expression | filter1 | filter2 | ... }}
Filter也可以指定多个参数:{{ expression | filter:argument1:argument2:... }}
AngularJS内建的Filter
currencyFilter(currency)
用途:格式化货币
方法原型:
function(amount, currencySymbol, fractionSize)
用法:
1 {{ 12 | currency}}
2
3 {{ 12.45 | currency:'¥'}}
4
5 {{ 12.45 | currency:'CHY¥':1}}
6
7 {{ 12.55 | currency:undefined:0}}
dateFilter(date)
用途:格式化日期
方法原型:
function(date, format, timezone)
用法:
{{ '2015-05-20T03:56:16.887Z' | date:"MM/dd/yyyy @ h:mma"}}
{{ 1432075948123 | date:"MM/dd/yyyy @ h:mma"}}
{{ 1432075948123 | date:"MM/dd/yyyy @ h:mma":"UTC"}}
filterFilter(filter):
用途:过滤数组
方法原型:
function(array, expression, comparator)
用法1(参数expression使用String):
<div ng-init="myArr = [{name:'Tom', age:20}, {name:'Tom Senior', age:50}, {name:'May', age:21}, {name:'Jack', age:20}, {name:'Alice', age:22}]">
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | filter:'a' ">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}</p>
<p>Age:{{u.age}}</p>
<br />
</div>
</div>
用法2(参数expression使用function):
// 先在Controller中定义function: myFilter
$scope.myFilter = function (item) {
return item.age === 20;
};
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | filter:myFilter ">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}</p>
<p>Age:{{u.age}}</p>
</div>
用法3 (参数expression使用object,指定字段):
<div ng-init="myArr = [{name:'Tom', age:20}, {name:'Tom Senior', age:50}, {name:'May', age:21}, {name:'Jack', age:20}, {name:'Alice', age:22}]">
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | filter:{age: 21} ">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}</p>
<p>Age:{{u.age}}</p>
</div>
</div>
用法4(指定comparator为true或false):
<div ng-init="myArr = [{name:'Tom', age:20}, {name:'Tom Senior', age:50}, {name:'May', age:21}, {name:'Jack', age:20}, {name:'Alice', age:22}]">
Name:<input ng-model="yourName" />
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | filter:{name:yourName}:false ">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}</p>
<p>Age:{{u.age}}</p>
</div>
</div>
用法5(指定comparator为function):
先在Controller中定义function:myComparator, 此function将能匹配大小写不敏感的内容,但与comparator为false的情况不同的是,comparator必须匹配全文
$scope.myComparator = function (expected, actual) {
return angular.equals(expected.toLowerCase(), actual.toLowerCase());
}
<div ng-init="myArr = [{name:'Tom', age:20}, {name:'Tom Senior', age:50}, {name:'May', age:21}, {name:'Jack', age:20}, {name:'Alice', age:22}]">
Name:<input ng-model="yourName" />
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | filter:{name:yourName}:myComparator ">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}</p>
<p>Age:{{u.age}}</p>
</div>
</div>
jsonFilter(json):
方法原型:
function(object, spacing)
用法(将对象格式化成标准的JSON格式):
{{ {name:'Jack', age: 21} | son}}
limitToFilter(limitTo):
方法原型:
function(input, limit)
用法(选取前N个记录):
<div ng-init="myArr = [{name:'Tom', age:20}, {name:'Tom Senior', age:50}, {name:'May', age:21}, {name:'Jack', age:20}, {name:'Alice', age:22}]">
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | limitTo:2">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}
<p>Age:{{u.age}}
</div>
</div>
lowercaseFilter(lowercase)/uppercaseFilter(uppercase):
方法原型:
function(string)
用法:
China has joined the {{ "wto" | uppercase }}.
We all need {{ "MONEY" | lowercase }}.
numberFilter(number):
方法原型:
function(number, fractionSize)
用法:
{{ "3456789" | number}}
{{ true | number}}
{{ 12345678 | number:1}}
orderByFilter(orderBy):
方法原型:
function(array, sortPredicate, reverseOrder)
用法:
<div ng-init="myArr = [{name:'Tom', age:20, deposit: 300}, {name:'Tom', age:22, deposit: 200}, {name:'Tom Senior', age:50, deposit: 200}, {name:'May', age:21, deposit: 300}, {name:'Jack', age:20, deposit:100}, {name:'Alice', age:22, deposit: 150}]">
<div ng-repeat="u in myArr | orderBy:['name','-deposit']:true">
<p>Name:{{u.name}}</p>
<p>Deposit:{{u.deposit}}</p>
<p>Age:{{u.age}}</p>
</div>
</div>
自定义Filter
和Directive一样,如果内建的Filter不能满足你的需求,你当然可以定义一个专属于你自己的Filter。我们来做一个自己的
Filter:capitalize_as_you_want,该Filter会使你输入的字符串中的首字母、指定index位置字母以及指定的字母全部
大写。
方法原型:
function (input, capitalize_index, specified_char)
完整的示例代码:
<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<script src="/Scripts/angular.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function () {
var app = angular.module('ngCustomFilterTest', []);
app.filter('capitalize_as_you_want', function () {
return function (input, capitalize_index, specified_char) {
input = input || '';
var output = '';
var customCapIndex = capitalize_index || -1;
var specifiedChar = specified_char || '';
for (var i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
// 首字母肯定是大写的, 指定的index的字母也大写
if (i === 0 || i === customCapIndex) {
output += input[i].toUpperCase();
}
else {
// 指定的字母也大写
if (specified_char != '' && input[i] === specified_char) {
output += input[i].toUpperCase();
}
else {
output += input[i];
}
}
}
return output;
};
});
})();
</script>
</head>
<body ng-app="ngCustomFilterTest">
<input ng-model="yourinput" type="text">
<br />
Result: {{ yourinput | capitalize_as_you_want:3:'b' }}
</body>
</html>
好了,本篇讲了AngularJS中的Filter,看完这篇后,我们可以利用好Filter非常方便的使数据能按我们的要求进行展示,从而使页面变得更生动。