2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题第2套

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of listening. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。

PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (30minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on. Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

1.What did NASA's Constellation Programme originally plan to do?

A) To set up a moon colony by .

B) To send astronauts again to the moon by .

C) To continue the current shuttle missions till .

D) To create more jobs for NASA till .

2.What is the major reason for NASA's Constellation Programme to be canceled?

A) There were import space missions.

B) The space agency lacked funding for the programme.

C) The current shuttle missions would continue.

D) Congress failed to pass President Obama's budget.

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

3.What is the percentage of common shares of Blackberry does Fairfax hold?

A) 10% B) 20% C) 40% D) Unknown

4.According to this passage, what is the most likely or direct reason that is said for Blackberry being ailing?

A) The economic crisis happening around the world.

B) The stiff competition from other companies.

C) The unwise decisions made by the company's managing team.

D) Their smart phones are not well produced.

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

5.Why were the fishing crew stranded on Oct.10th?

A) They went to a remote area B) Their fishing boats collided

C) They tried to repair their boats D) They decided to stay in the boats.

6.How did they survive during those three months?

A) On supplies they brought with them.

B) On supplies sent to them by rescue teams.

C) On supplies left at the military base.

D) Not mentioned in the passage.

7. How were the crew rescued eventually?

A) By helicopter. B) By boat.

C) By radio contact. D) By a search team.

Section B

Direction: In this section，you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Conversation One

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.

B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.

C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.

D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.

9. A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.

B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.

C) He likes to work in a company close to home.

D) He would rather get a less demanding job.

10. A) Sports. B) Travel.

C) Foreign languages. D) Computer games.

11. A) when he is supposed to start work.

B) What responsibilities he would have.

C) When he will be informed about his application.

D) What career opportunities her company can offer.

Conversation Two

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan,

B) Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.

C) Fetch the documents signed by Mr. Gartner.

D) Accompany Mr. Gartner to the Linate airport.

13. A) About 8:30. B) About 6:30.

C) About 5:30. D) About 4:15.

14. A) Mr. Gartner from Milan.

B) Gianni Riva at Megastar.

C) The company’s sales representative.

D) Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce.

15. A) Travel agent. B) Business manager.

C) Secretary. D) Saleswoman.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet1 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) It is lined with tall trees. B) It was widened recently

C) It has high buildings on both sides. D) It used to be dirty and disorderly.

17. A)They repaved it with rocks B)They built public restrooms on it

C) They beautified it with plants D) They set up cooking facilities near it

18.A)What makes life enjoyable B）How to work with tools

C) What a community means D) How to improve health

19. A) They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract

B) They were encouraged by the city officials’ praise

C) They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys

D) They derived happiness from the constructive work

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20. A) The majority of them think it less important than computers

B) Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned

C) The majority of them find it interesting

D) Few of them read more than ten books a year

21. A) Novels and stories C) History and science books

B) Mysteries and detective stories D) Books and culture and tradition

22. A) Watching TV C) Reading magazines

B)Listening to music D）Playing computer games

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23. A) Advice on the purchase of cars

B) Information about the new green-fuel vehicles

C) Trends for the development of the motor car

D）Solutions to global fuel shortage

24. A) Limited driving range B) Huge recharging expenses

C) The short life of batteries D) The unaffordable high price

25. A) They need to be further improved

B) They can easily switch to natural gas

C) They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy

D) They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

For many Americans, ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. Late November and December 26 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 27 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception：November was the warmest ever 28, and current data indicates that is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.

Enjoy the snow now, because 29 are good that will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, will be an EI Nino year.

EI Nino, Spanish for “the child”, 30 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30％of the planet’s surface, that the 31 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 32 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 33 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too：EI Nino can 34 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich(营养丰富旳) water that supports large fish 35 , and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).

A)additional I)logically

B)associated J)occurs

C)bore K)populations

D)chances L) realize

E)communicated M) reduce

F) decades N)saw

G) experiences O)specific

H) globally

Section B

Directions：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

How to Eat Well

　　A) Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food, the stuff that is correctly called junk(垃圾) and should really carry warning labels?

　　B) It’s not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by Supermarkets offer more variety than ever, and there are over four times as many famers’ markets in the U.S. as there were 20 years ago. Nor is it for lack of available information. There are plenty of recipes(食谱), how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone who has a computer, smartphone or television. If anything the information is overwhelming.

　　C) And yet we aren’t cooking. If you eat three meals a day and behave like most Americans, you probably get at least a third of your daily calories(卡路里) outsides the home. Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost 25% of our daily calories from snacks. So we’re eating out or taking in, and we don’t sit down—or we do, but hurry.

　　D) Shouldn’t preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort, pride, health, well-being, relaxation, sociability? Something that connects us to other humans? Why should we want to outsource(外包) this basic task, especially when outsourcing it is so harmful?

　　E) When I talk about cooking, I’m not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects. I’m talking about simple, easy, everyday meals. My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or money to feed themselves. That means we need modest, realistic expectation, and we need to teach people to cook food that’s good enough to share with family and friends.

　　F) Perhaps a return to real cooking needn’t be far off. A recent Harris poll revealed that 79% of Americans say they enjoy cooking and 30% “love it”; 14% admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just 7% won’t go near the stove at all. But this doesn’t necessarily translate to real cooking and the result of this survey shouldn’t surprise anyone; 52% of those 65 or older cook at home five or more times per week; only a third of young people do.

　　G) Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night. The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was pretty much universal. Most people couldn’t afford to do otherwise.

　　H) Although frozen dinners were invented in the 40s, their popularity didn’t boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later. Since then packaged, pre-prepared meals have been what’s for dinner. The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts(催化剂),but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.

　　I) Still, I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals at home regularly. Isn’t this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and champions craft cooking? And isn’t this the generation who say they’re concerned about their health and the wee-being of the planet? If these are truly the values of many young people, then tier behavior doesn’t match their beliefs.

　　J) There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food campaigns to reduce calories in their processed foods, but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating. Considering that the governments standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by nor cooking at home, we’re not eating the right things, and the consequences are hard to overstate.

　　K) To help quantify(量化) the costs of a poor diet, I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a most famous food, the burger(汉堡包). I concluded that the profit from burgers is more than offset(抵消) by the damage they cause in health problems and environmental harm.

　　L) Cooking real food is the best defense —not to mention that any meal you’re likely to eat at home contains about 200 fewer calories than one you would cat in a restaurant.

　M) To those Americans for whom money is a concern, my advice is simple; Buy what you can afford, and cook it yourself. The common prescription is to primarily shop the grocery store, since that’s where fresh produce, meat and seafood, and dairy are. And to save money and still eat well you don’t need local organic ingredients; all you need is real food. I’m not saying local food isn’t better, it is. But there is plenty of decent food in the grocery stores.

　　N) The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the canned goods. Frozen produce is still produce; canned tomatoes are still tomatoes. Just make sure you’re getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar. Ask yourself, Would Grandma consider this food? Does it look like something that might occur in nature? It’s pretty much common sense: you want to buy food, not unidentifiable foodlike objects.

　　O) You don’t have to hit the grocery store daily, nor do you need an abundance of skill. Since fewer than half of Americans say they cook at an intermediate level and only 20% describe their cooking skills as advanced, the crisis is one of confidence. And the only remedy for that is practice. There’s nothing mysterious about cooking the evening meal. You just have to do a little thinking ahead and redefine what qualifies as dinner. Like any skill, cooking gets easier as you do it more; every time you cook, you advance your level of skills. Someday you won’t even need recipes. My advice is that you not pay attention to the number of steps and ingredients, because they can be deceiving.

　　P) Time, I realize, is the biggest obstacle to cooking for most people. You must adjust you priorities to find time to cook. For instance, you can move a TV to the kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you’re standing at the sink. No one is asking you to give up activities you like, but if you’re watching food shows on TV, try cooking instead.

36. Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another.

37. Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.

38. Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.

39. Cooking skills can be improved with practice.

40. In the mid-20th century, most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.

41. Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family.

42. Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.

43. To eat well and still save money, people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.

44. We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.

45. The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.

Section C

Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)、B).C) And D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to.day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping--where you hand over notes mad count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters, like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasing abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance--you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay, The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.

Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I’m just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink of an eye? Doesn’t a wallet--that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that matters?

But I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets--is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as a pebble(鹅卵石).Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.

46. What is happening to the wallet?

A) It is disappearing. C) It is becoming costly.

B) It is being fattened. D) It is changing in style.

47. How are business transactions done in big modern stores?

A) Individually. C) In the abstract.

B) Electronically. D) Via a cash register.

48. What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?

A) Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.

B) The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.

C) Earning money is getting more difficult.

D) Spending money is so fast and easy.

49. Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the wallet?

A) It represents a change in the modern world.

B) It has something to do with everybody’s life.

C) It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.

D) It is the concern of contemporary economists.

50. What can we infer from the passage about the author?

A) He is resistant to social changes.

B) He is against technological progress.

C) He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.

D) He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Everybody sleeps. But what people stay up late to catch--or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture.

From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.

Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 26.

Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3：30 a.m.

Russians also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.

Similarly, Americans’ late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three—day weekends.

Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球) final.

The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺).The worst night for sleep in the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.

It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns；in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health conscious among US have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?

51. What does the author say about people’s sleeping habits?

A) They are culture—related. C) They change with the seasons.

B) They affect people’s health. D) They vary from person to person.

52. What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?

A) They don’t fall asleep until very late. C) They get less sleep on public holidays.

B) They don’t sleep much on weekends. D) They sleep longer than people elsewhere.

53. What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleep?

A) The daylight savings time. C) The World Cup.

B) The colorful night life. D) The summertime.

54. What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their sleep patterns?

A) They have trouble falling asleep. C) They are involved in a sleep research.

B) They want to get sufficient sleep. D) They want to go to bed on regular hours.

55.What does the author imply in the last paragraph?

A) Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health.

B) Few people really know the importance of sleep.

C) It is important to study our sleep patterns.

D) Average people probably sleep less than the rich.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国父母往往过于关注孩子旳学习，以至于不要她们帮忙做家务。她们对孩子旳唯一规定就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。她们相信这是为孩子好，由于在中国这样竞争剧烈旳社会里，只有成绩好才干保证前程光明。中国父母还觉得，如果孩子能在社会上获得大旳成就，父母就会受到尊敬。因此，她们乐意牺牲自己旳时间、爱好和爱好，为孩子发明更好旳条件。