专业英语四级（核心语法）历年真题试卷汇编17 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1． I was to have made a speech if______.[1997] A．I was not called away
B．nobody would have called me away C．I had not been called away D．nobody called me away
正确答案：C
解析：动词词组was(were)to have done表示”过去某个时间即将发生的动作由于发生了某种变故却没有发生”，是一种与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此在if条件句中应使用had done形式，故C正确。
2． Much as ______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.[1999]
A．I would have liked to B．I would like to have C．I should have to like D．I should have liked to
正确答案：A
解析：as在这里引导让步状语从句，因此需要将副词much提到句首，进行倒装。选择虚拟语气would have liked to表示对过去发生情况的猜测和假设，可以使说话人语气变得委婉。
3． Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ______ much better results now.[2008]
A．would be getting B．could have got C．must get D．would get
正确答案：B
解析：考查虚拟语气。如果用陈述语气，这句话可以改写为：Judy was not careful enough on the maths exam，so she has not got better results now．条件句与过去事实相反；虽然主句的时间副词是now，但事实上该考试成绩已经出来，故用could have got，而不是would get。答案是B。
4． It is absolutely essential that William ______ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.[2007]
A．will continue B．continued C．continue D．continues
正确答案：C
解析：It is essential that．．．句型中，that引导的从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。故C为正确选项。
5． If only I ______ play the guitar as well as you![2006] A．would B．could C．should D．might
正确答案：B
解析：if only引起的感叹句需要使用虚拟语气，表示对现在或将来的愿望，谓语动词要用过去式(be用were)或would／could／might+动词原形，而could为call的过去时，因此，本题应该选择B。
6． It’s high time we ______ cutting down the rainforests.[2006] A．stopped B．had to stop C．shall stop D．stop
正确答案：A
解析：It is high time．．．句型中从句谓语动词要用过去式表示虚拟，所以本句谓语动词的形式应该是stopped。
7． ______ you ______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.[2005]
A．If, had B．Have, had C．Should, have D．In case, had
正确答案：C
解析：根据句意，本句表示对将来事情的虚拟，条件从句中谓语动词可以使用“should+动词原形”结构；如果省略条件从句引导词if的话，should应该提到句首。因此本题应该选择C。
8． It is imperative that students ______ their term papers on time.[2004] A．hand in
B．would hand in C．have to hand in D．handed in
正确答案：A
解析：在it is。imperative／necessary／important+that．．．结构中，从句应该使用虚拟语气”should+动词原形”，should可以省略，因此本题应该选择A。
9． The opening ceremony is a great occasion; it is essential ______ for that.[2003]
A．for us to be prepared B．that we are prepared C．of us to be prepared D．our being prepared
正确答案：A 解析：在It is essential／important等结构中，我们可以用不定式结构或从句；但如果使用从句，就必须用虚拟语气，所以答案中只有A符合要求。B项的谓语动词如改用be或should be则正确。
10． — What courses are you going to do next semester? — I don’t know. But it’s about time ______ on something.[2002]
A．I’d decide B．I decided C．I decide
D．I’m deciding
正确答案：B
解析：n is(about／high)time+从句，表示早该做而未做的事，是建议的意味，其动词形式用过去式。因此B项符合要求。
11． You ______ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.[2000] A．needn’t have told B．needn’t tell
C．mustn’t have told D．mustn’t tell
正确答案：A
解析：needn’t have done表示一种已经做过，但是没有必要的行为。因此，本题应该选择A。
12． He ______ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful[1999]
A．may have acted B．must have acted C．should act D．would act
正确答案：A
解析：may have done用来表示说话人假设某人在过去可能做过某事，而实际上说话人并不能肯定有没有做。must have done用来表示说话人假设某人在过去曾经做过某事，说话人对其假设的内容十分肯定。因此，本题应该选择A。
13． If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you ______ able to write letters in English.[1999]
A．should be B．were C．must be D．are
正确答案：B
解析：本句使用了It is about time．．．句型，在这个句型中，从句里谓语动词要用过去式表示虚拟。因此，本句的正确答案应该是were。
14． If your car ______ any attention during me first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.[1998]
A．shall need B．should need C．would need D．will need
正确答案：B 解析：本句是对与将来事实可能相反的假设。而在叙述对将来事实的假设时，条件从句的谓语动词可以为”should+动词原形”，因此，本题应该选择B。
15． You ______ Mark anything. It was none of his business.[1998] A．needn’t have told B．needn’t tell
C．mustn’t have told D．mustn’t tell
正确答案：A
解析：needn’t have done表示一种已经做过，但是没有必要的行为。因此，本题应该选择A。
16． Men differ from animals ______ they can think and speak.[2008] A．or which B．for that C．in that D．in which
正确答案：C
解析：考查原因状语从句。in that相当于since，意为“由于，既然”，引导原因状语从句。
17． I enjoyed myself so much ______ I visited my friends in Paris last year.[2008]
A．when B．which C．that D．where
正确答案：A
解析：考查时间状语从句。关系副词when引导时间状语从句，故选A。此题易把句子看成so…that结构而误选C，但根据语义可看出visited(my friends)既非enjoyed myself之目的，也非其结果，不能用so．．．that句型。
18． The physicist has made a discovery, ______ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.[1997]
A．I think which is B．that I think is C．which I think is D．which I think it is
正确答案：C
解析：此空所在分句是作名词discovery的非限制性定语从句，因此关系代词用which不用that。故C正确。
19． After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.[1999]
A．that B．there C．what D．it
正确答案：C 解析：关系代词what引导的名词从句what seemed an endless wait作介词after的宾语，what相当于something that。因此，本题应该选择C。
20． ______ dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.[2006]
A．Although B．Whatever C．As
D．However
正确答案：D 解析：“however+形容词或副词”引导让步状语从句，故选项D正确。
21． ______ both sides accept the agreement ______ a lasting peace be established in this region.[2004]
A．Only if, will B．If only, would C．Should, will D．Unless, would
正确答案：A
解析：根据句意，only if表示“只有……才……”，如放在句首，句子须倒装。而if only表示“只有，要是……多好”。故选项A正确。
22． ______, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.[2005] A．Although he is a socialist B．Even if he is a socialist C．Being a socialist D．Since he is a socialist
正确答案：A 解析：根据句意，此空应为让步状语从句。故A正确。even if表示“即使……也”，引导条件状语从句，现在分词being表示原因，均不符题意。
23． His remarks were ______ annoy everybody at the meeting.[2005] A．so as to B．such as to C．such to
D．as much as to
正确答案：B
解析：根据句意，此空应该填such as to引导结果状语从句，其中such为代词，表示“到了某种程度”的意思。故选项B正确。
24． We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ______ should make great differences in our life next summer.[2002]
A．which
B．what C．that D．they
正确答案：A
解析：非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，用逗号与主句隔开，which充当该从句的引导词，所以A为正确答案。what引导名词性从句，作主语和宾语；that不可引导非限定性定语从句；they不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句。
25． The government has promised to do ______ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area.[2004]
A．however B．whichever C．whatever D．wherever
正确答案：C
解析：whatever lies in its power充当的是do的宾语从句，同时whatever是从句中的主语，因此本题应该选择C。however和wherever不引导宾语从句，一般引导状语从句，而whichever引导宾语从句时不能作主语。
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