中央民族大学考博英语阅读真题

中央民族大学考博英语阅读真题

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn'tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth'satmosphereis

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definitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel'sreport“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatoutnationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit'sOktokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythe100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit'sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident'sadvisersstilldon'ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,they

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continuetopressformoreresearch-aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearchButresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon'ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustryisapromisingstartManyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.26.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat

[A].therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath.

[B].thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant.

[C].peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife.[D].antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense.27.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,sciencecanserveas

[A].aprotector.[B].ajudge.[C].acritic.

[D].aguide.28.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,paragraph4)

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[A].Endlessstudieskillaction.

[B].Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.[C].prudentplanninghinders.

[D].Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.29.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoabout

[A].Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.[B].Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.[C].Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.

[D].Takesomelegislativemeasures.30.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause

[A].theybothsufferedfromthegovernment'snegligence.[B].alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer.[C].theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer.[D].bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse.

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