专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷44 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1． The sentence that expresses INVITATION is A．Why doesn’t Tom join us in the conversation? B．Why don’t you come by and have coffee with me? C．Why do you keep on chattering away? D．Why does it matter so much to you?
正确答案：B
解析：句意理解题。[A]的意思是：Tom为什么不和我们说话呢?表示疑问；[B]的意思是：来和我喝杯咖啡如何?表示邀请；[C]的意思是：你还在罗嗦什么?表示厌烦；[D]的意思是：为什么这个对你如此重要?表示疑问。因此，[B]为答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
2． The qualities of my home town, ______ on me as a boy, had a profound effect on the philosophy that directed my career.
A．having impressed B．impressed C．impressing D．to be impressed
正确答案：B
解析：非谓语动词用法题。本句谓语动词为had，两个逗号之间的部分是主语的定语；根据impress sth．on／upon sb．(使某人铭记某事)的搭配，主语与impress之间构成动宾关系，故应用过去分词，所以本题应选impressed。 知识模块：语法与词汇
3． Which of the following italicized parts is a relative clause(定语从句)? A．He had no idea who took away the money.
B．Every one was informed of the news that a new teacher was about to come. C．It was his fault that led to the team’s failure. D．Tom is not the boy / gave the tickets to.
正确答案：D
解析：语法功能题。[A]中的斜体部分为同位语从句，从句对先行词idea作解释说明，意思是“他不知道谁拿走了钱”；[B]中的斜体部分是同位语从句，意思是“每个人都得知了一名新老师会到来的消息”；[C]中的斜体部分是强调句结
构中的一部分，意思是“正是他的错误导致了队伍的失败”；[D]的斜体部分是定语从句，修饰“the boy”，意思是“我没有把票给汤姆”，因此为正确答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
4． Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation(主谓关系)?
A．Tom’s disappearance is being looked into by the police. B．Tom’s behavior offends against the canons of good manners. C．Tom’s firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.
D．Tom’s paintings are on show in the local art gallery.
正确答案：A
解析：语法功能题。[A]的句意为：警方正在调查汤姆失踪一事，其中Tom’s disappearance意为“汤姆失踪”，表示主谓关系，因此[A]为正确答案。[B]中Tom’s behavior意为“汤姆的行为”，[C]中Tom’s firm意为“汤姆的公司”，[D]中Tom’s paintings意为“汤姆的画”，由此可见，这三项中的斜体部分均为名词所有格表示所属关系，故均排除。 知识模块：语法与词汇
5． Restaurants can buy fish in bulk at a fish market. The underlined part means A．large quantities. B．basket. C．advance. D．addition.
正确答案：A
解析：词组辨析题。固定搭配in bulk意为“大批量地”，与in large quantities同义。因此，[A]为答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
6． My father will blow his top when he sees what happened to the car. The underlined part means
A．give an explanation. B．come off duty. C．become conscious. D．fly into a great rage.
正确答案：D
解析：短语理解题。固定搭配blow one’s top意为“勃然大怒，大发脾气，大发雷霆”。[A]意为“做出解释”，[B]意为“下班”，[C]意为“有意识”，[D]意为“勃然大怒”。因此，[D]为答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
7． Which of the following italicized parts DOESN’T indicate reason? A．Something fell in, for I heard a splash.
B．Much as I love sports, I prefer to stay at home on Sunday. C．He saw her, as they were both getting on the bus.
D．Now that I’m here, I’d better stay.
正确答案：B
解析：语法功能题。因为[B]中包含much as这个短语，所以斜体部分不表示原因而表示让步，整个句子的意思是：虽然我喜爱运动，但是我周末还是想待在家里。其他的句子中，斜体部分都表示的是原因。因此，正确答案为[B]。 知识模块：语法与词汇
8． According to the law which he later produced, everything in the universe attracts everything else towards______.
A．it
B．everything C．itself D．each
正确答案：C
解析：代词用法题。反身代词itself与主语everything形成互指关系，表示向它自身的方向吸引另一物体。 知识模块：语法与词汇
9． In “In 1990 he left home, never to return. “ the infinitive clause(不定式)is used______.
A．as a purpose B．as a reason C．as a condition D．as a result
正确答案：D
解析：语法功能题。在这句话中，“never to return”表示的是结果，因此正确答案是[D]。 知识模块：语法与词汇
10． The commander said to his troops that under no circumstances______to step across the border.
A．the enemy should be allowed B．should the enemy be allowed C．should allow the enemy D．the enemy should allow
正确答案：B
解析：倒装结构题。本句宾语从句中带有否定意义的短语under no circumstances提前位于句首，表示“在任何情况下都不”，其主谓部分应倒装，所以应选[B]。[C]中缺少宾语从句中的主语。 知识模块：语法与词汇
11． George Washington______.
A．always will and always has been an American hero
B．always has and always will an American hero C．always has and always will be an American hero
D．always has been and always will be an American hero
正确答案：D
解析：动词时态题。本题考查be动词的现在完成时和一般将来时表达的含义，四个选项中只有[D]语序正确结构完整。 知识模块：语法与词汇
12． To be frank, I’d sooner you ______ a good review yesterday for the coming test.
A．hadn’t done B．didn’t do
C．couldn’t have done D．wouldn’t do
正确答案：A
解析：虚拟语气题。would sooner表示“宁愿”，后接宾语从句时应用虚拟语气，本句宾语从句中是对过去事实的虚拟，所以应用过去完成时。 知识模块：语法与词汇
13． These goods are sold at reduced prices, ______. A．the defects are pointed out to the customers B．the defects pointed out to the customers
C．the defects have been pointed out to the customers D．the defects being pointed out to the customers
正确答案：B
解析：独立主格结构题。本句前半句已很完整，后面若是完整句子应用连接词，故[A]和[C]可排除；后面的主语与句子主语不一致，故可用独立主格结构，因此只有[B]正确。 知识模块：语法与词汇
14． There is______what will happen to them. A．no telling B．not telling C．not to tell D．not to be told
正确答案：A
解析：句子结构题。“There+be+no+动名词”是固定句型，表示“不能……，无法……”。 知识模块：语法与词汇
15． ______touching in O’Henry’s stories is the gallantry with which ordinary people struggle to maintain their dignity.
A．Most is
B．It mostly is C．Is it most D．What is most
正确答案：D
解析：主语从句题。本句的主语不完整，只有[D]能与后面的touching in O’Henry’s stories构成名词性从句作主语，其他均不正确。 知识模块：语法与词汇
16． Suffice it to say that the manager is interested in the work. The underlined word means______.
A．be angry B．be excited C．be doubtful D．be sufficient
正确答案：D
解析：短语辨析题。suffice的意思是“足够，满足”，Suffice it to say that…是固定表达，意思是“只需说……就够了”，由此可见，正确答案是[D]。 知识模块：语法与词汇
17． She was determined not to be caught up in the turmoil of home again. The underlined part means
A．involved B．seized C．dependent D．interested
正确答案：A
解析：词组辨析题。题中短语be caught up in意为“被卷入……中”。[A]意为“卷入，进入”，be involved in意为“被卷入”，因此，[A]为答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
18． The ideological make-up of the unions is now ______ different from what it had been.
A．violently B．severely C．extremely D．radically
正确答案：D
解析：副词辨析题。radically表示“根本地，彻底地，完全地”；violentlly表示“激烈地，猛烈地，强烈地”；severely表示“严重地，严厉地”；extremely表示“极其，非常”，根据题意应选radically。 知识模块：语法与词汇
19． There was snow everywhere, so that the shape of things was difficult to A．identify B．authorize C．justify D．rationalize
正确答案：A
解析：动词辨析题。identify表示“识别，鉴别出”；authorize表示“授权，委托”；justify表示“表明或证明……是正当的、有理的或公正的”；rationallize表示“使……有合理依据，使……更合理”，根据题意应选identify。 知识模块：语法与词汇
20． He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to the
A．paradox B．dilemma C．prejudice D．conflict
正确答案：D
解析：名词辨析题。conflict表示“冲突，战斗，争执”；paradox表示“看似矛盾而实际(或可能)正确的说法”；dillemma表示“进退两难的窘境，进退维谷的困境”；prejudice表示“偏见，成见”，根据题意应选conflict。 知识模块：语法与词汇
21． It will be casting pearls before______ because he does not know how to appreciate favors.
A．cow B．swine C．dog D．sheep
正确答案：B
解析：固定搭配题。cast pearls before swine是固定搭配，表示“对牛弹琴”，swine表示“猪”。 知识模块：语法与词汇
22． Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?
A．We know that a stationary object exerts force by virtue of its weight.
B．With respect to military supply, attitudes within our government were sharply divided.
C．Work hard and in due course you will be promoted by him. D．He leaned one arm against it, on the point of bursting into tears.
正确答案：A 解析：句意理解题。[A]意为“我们知道静止物体由于自身重量而产生压力。”其中斜体字部分by virtue of表示原因，故为正确答案。[B]意为“对于军事供应问题，我们政府内部的态度分歧十分尖锐。”其中斜体部分表示“在某方面”．[C]意为“努力工作吧，他会在适当的时候提拔你的。”其中斜体部分表示时间；[D]意为”一手扶着墙，他的眼泪忍不住就要掉下来”，其中斜体部分也表示时间。 知识模块：语法与词汇
23． In these circumstances, it is the managers who come ______ best. A．off B．on C．round D．down
正确答案：A
解析：动词短语辨析题。come off表示“成功，达到预期效果或结果”；come on表示“快点，试试”，用于祈使句以鼓励某人做某事；come round表示“绕道而来，苏醒”；come down表示“坍塌，下降”，根据题意应选off。 知识模块：语法与词汇
24． There is an unquestionable link between job losses and______ services. A．descending B．declining C．deteriorating D．depressing
正确答案：C
解析：动词辨析题。deteriorate表示“变坏，变质，恶化”；descend表示“下降，下沉”；decline表示“减少，谢绝”；depress表示“使沮丧、消沉，萧条”；depressing表示“令人忧愁的，令人沮丧的”，根据题意应选deteriorating。 知识模块：语法与词汇
25． Each of the area managers enjoys considerable ______ in the running of his own area.
A．autonomy B．dignity C．monopoly D．stability
正确答案：A
解析：名词辨析题。autonomy表示“自治，自主；独立”；dignity表示“尊严；尊贵”；monopoly表示“垄断；专卖”；stability表示“稳定性；沉稳”，根据题意应选autonomy。 知识模块：语法与词汇
26． It would seem more ______to apply standards flexibly rather than rigidly. A．insensitive B．allergic C．sensible D．infected
正确答案：C
解析：形容词辨析题。sensible表示“合理的，通情达理的”；insensitive表示“不敏感的，不顾及他人感受的”；allergic表示“过敏的”；infected表示“受到感染的”，根据题意应选sensible。 知识模块：语法与词汇
27． He has been______by magistrates that he is under investigation for corruption.
A．certified B．classified C．clarified D．notified
正确答案：D 解析：动词辨析题。notify表示“通知，报告”；certify表示“(书面)证明……”；classify表示“分类，归类”；clarify表示“澄清；使清楚易懂”，根据题意应选notified。 知识模块：语法与词汇
28． He’s already ______ several of the proposals in his economic plan to accommodatedemands of special interests.
A．altered B．alternated C．substituted D．exchanged
正确答案：A
解析：动词辨析题。alter表示“改变，更改，修改，改(性质、位置、大小、形状等)”；alternate表示“交替发生或出现，轮流安排”；substitute表示“代替；替换；取代”；exchange表示“交换；交流”，根据题意应选altered。 知识模块：语法与词汇
29． In the sentence “It is interesting to learn the manners and customs of other countries” , the italicized phrase is ______.
A．the object B．the subject C．a complement D．an adverbial
正确答案：B
解析：句子成分题。在it is interesting to do sth．结构中，it是形式主语，句子真正的主语是不定式结构to do sth．因此，[B]为答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
30． The average daily ______ of fruits and vegetables is around 200 grams. A．dissipation B．consumption C．disposal D．expenditure
正确答案：B 解析：名词辨析题。consumption表示“(食物、能量、资源等)消耗，消耗量”；dissipation表示“驱散，消散，浪费”；disposal表示“清除，处理，处置”；expenditure表示“(金钱的)支出额”，根据题意应选consumption。 知识模块：语法与词汇
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